Sunday, December 29, 2019

Key West Essay - 981 Words

Key West Key West is many peoples paradise. It has dazzling waters, beautiful beaches, and a wonderful climate. This tiny island is located off the southernmost part of Florida is the only true tropical island in the United States. Thousands of people from all over the world come to Key West every year for the relaxing lifestyle and rich culture. As well as being rich in culture it is rich in history too. Key West has also been the home to many great authors and artists and is known for having a very diverse population. Initially, Key West was a home for Spanish explorers and pirates until the first settlement was established in 1822. In 1822 the U.S. Navy sent Commodore David Porter to the island. He was sent to†¦show more content†¦Then after the war, the industries success decreased, but the immigration of Cubans to Key West increased. The cigar industry soon grew to phenomenal heights and the island became a refuge for Cuban revolutionaries (Gifford 9). The more successful Key West was the more populated it became and soon the city we now know as Miami spun off of Key West. In 1871, the arrival of the Cuban San Carlos Institute and Opera House made Key West a rich and diverse city. The island did suffer from a fire that destroyed fifty acres of downtown property in 1886, but by then there was a steamship service and that made reconstruction of the city quick and easy (4). Soon the good luck of Key West was about to run out. A hurricane arrived and was so destructive that it forced the cigar industry to the Tampa area. Then, their second main industry, that was the sponge beds, was destroyed by a blight. The only (5) thing they had left was the tourist industry and the Florida land boom collapsed in the 1920s, so the only tourists they had were people passing through to Cuba. During The Great Depression the islands problems escalated. In 1934, the people were considering abandoning the island because up to 80% of the population was on relief. Then a major setback occurred. The biggest hurricane to hit Key West happened on Labor Day 1935. The hurricane packed winds up to 200 miles an hour and killed hundreds of people. Key WestShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Keith Glaser s The Plum Inn, A Bed And Breakfast Owned By His Family915 Words   |  4 PagesKeith Glaser, is the individual I interviewed for this project. He is the Lodging Manager for the Coco Plum Inn, a bed and breakfast owned by his family in Key West, Florida. Mr. Glaser began his hospitality career in Long Island, NY where he worked for Big Fish Charters, a company that chartered fishing boats for guests who wish to catch larger fish such as tuna, marlin, sharks, swordfish, and striped bass. Mr. Glaser started as a deckhand. His job consisted of keeping the fish tackle in good workingRead MoreDeath : Key West, Florida Essay944 Words   |  4 Pages Shel Silverstein Biographical Info: Birth: Chicago, Illinois, Sept. 25 1930 Death: Key West, Florida, May 10 1999 (Age at death: 68) His Mother and Father Were Helen and Nathan Silverstein He had one sister, her name was Peggy Myers His Wife’s Name Was Susan Taylor Hastings He had a son and daughter their names were Matthew Silverstein Shoshanna Jordan Hastings Interesting Facts: He Used The Alias Uncle Shelby For Some Of His Work. He wrote more than 800 songs He Died of Heart Attack He WroteRead MoreEssay about Analysis of the Film Century in the Sun754 Words   |  4 Pagesand overflow land act and that land was the be used for internal improvements 6. East Coast Railway: was the largest and most accessible harbor on Florida’s east coast all by Henry Flagler from September 1895. 7. Oversea Railroad: was built in Key West and is 128 miles long, it took 7 years to create and began to be constructed in 1905. It was available to passengers until 1935, when a hurricane destructed it. 7 Individuals from the film 1. John D. Rockefeller: was the founder of the StandardRead MoreA Critical Appreciation of Wallace Stevens the Idea of Order at Key West1253 Words   |  6 PagesA critical appreciation of Wallace Stevens- â€Å"The Idea of Order at Key  West† â€Å"The Idea of Order at Key West† was written in 1934 and is considered Stevens’ most complicated poem. It is both long (being eight stanzas and 56 lines) and in depth.†The Idea †¦Ã¢â‚¬  is in a loose iambic pentameter and is written in free verse, meaning that there is no organized rhyme pattern. The stanzas are a bit confusing because the fifth one is indented a lot after the fourth one. In fact, there is no actual line betweenRead MorePanera Had Skills And Experience Seeable Choice And Cafe Setting1243 Words   |  5 Pagessandwich specials and soups of the day. Also, Panera increasing their customers by offering senior citizen discounts and military discounts. 2)in different regions of the country Panera will offer signature sandwiches with local flavors. For example West part of the country will make sandwiches and soups with Mexican flavor. 3) Panera expanding their product line by offering soups and dressings in selected grocery stores. Long-term goals Panera announces â€Å" Panera 2.0† which brings new technologicalRead MoreChapter Nine - Original Writing1614 Words   |  7 Pagessomething else, the power that was now swirling around me in the green mist. But its presence didn’t feel evil, like wicked Thorn or the witches. It felt more ancient, powerful, and definitely not human. I got up the courage to ask, â€Å"Where can I find the key?† The mist swirled more thickly, collecting right in front of me and around the table with the pickled monster-part jars. Suddenly there was a man sitting around the table, performing magic tricks. His face became clearer. It was Baden. I knew thisRead MoreThe Vanished Settlements Summary865 Words   |  4 Pageson the Keys. The Civil War, living conditions, mosquitoes, fresh water, and isolation are some of the main hardships that many of the settlers had to experience, but only a few could endure the setbacks and live prosperous lives, as well as their families. Henry Geiger, Temple Pent, and Happy Jack were the most prosperous men during the hard times of the Key West, and through others around them, their stories can now live on. Viele tells us only a few families remained living in the Keys after theRead MoreMy Wife And My First Child Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesIn December of 2008, my wife and I found out we would be having our fourth child. We were living in Sugarloaf Key, FL while I worked in Key West, FL. Due to some unforeseen circumstances with our landlord, we terminated our lease in Sugarloaf early, rather than finding a place for the remaining six months we would be there. We moved the family back home to North Carolina over the Christmas break from school. I still had six months or so remaining before I transferred to my new job in Tybee IslandRead MoreAnalysis the Tonight Ensemble from West Side Story1518 Words   |  7 PagesWest Side Story No 10: Tonight (Ensemble) Maria, Tony, Anita, Riff, Bernardo, Jets and Sharks In this number, all the participants talk about the eventful evening they feel is ahead, each with their own thoughts on what will happen. There are three trains of thought: 1 Riff and Bernardo - thinking (in terms of their own gangs) of the fight arranged for later that evening 2 Anita - thinking about her nocturnal activities with Bernardo after the fight 3 Tony and Maria - more romantic love,Read MoreMy Wife And My First Child996 Words   |  4 PagesIn December of 2008, my wife and I found out we would be having our fourth child. We were living in Sugarloaf Key, FL while I worked in Key West, FL. Due to some unforeseen circumstances with our land lord, we terminated our lease in Sugarloaf early, rather than trying to find a place for the remaining six months we would be there. We moved the family back home to North Carolina over the Christmas break from school. I still had six months or so remaining before I transferred to my new job in Tybee

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Erik Erikson s Explanation Of Psychosocial Development

Erik Erikson s explanation of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. The term psychosocial development is the pattern of change in emotions, personality and social relationship (â€Å"A Child’s World† 10). Erikson believed that the achievements and failures of earlier stages influence later stages, whereas later stages change and transform earlier ones. His theory shows the impact on social relationships throughout one’s entire life. Each individual goes through eight developmental stages, and each stage is characterized by a different â€Å"crisis† in personality- a major psychosocial theme that is above all important at that time but will remain an issue to some degree throughout the rest of life (â€Å"A Child’s World). â€Å"To Erikson, the sequence of the stages are set by nature. It is within the set limits that nurture works its ways† (â€Å"Erikson’s Stages of Development†). â€Å"Developmental scientists study three major domains, or aspects, of the self: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. Growth of the body and brain, sensory capacities, motor skills, and health are parts of physical development. Learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity make up cognitive development. Emotions, personality, and social relationships are aspects of psychosocial development† (â€Å"Experience Human Development†). Each aspect of development affects the others. For example, during puberty, dramatic physical and hormonal changesShow MoreRelatedThe Boys Building A Racetrack1207 Words   |  5 Pagesrebuild their previous structures after they finish the racetrack. Erik Erikson was a student of Sigmund Freud unlike Freud, Erikson considerably focused on the social environment in a person s psychological development. Erikson’s theory is the psychosocial theory of personality development. It is important to understand a small percentage of what Sigmund Freud studied in his line of work to fully understand what Erik Erikson accomplished. Freud liked to talk about how nature and nurture contributeRead MoreJean Piaget And Erik Erikson Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pagesschool setting. Both Jean Piaget and Erik Erikson were great Theorists, that works help us understand children’s thought processes and skill sets. Teachers are interacting with their students based on developmental and skill age-appropriateness, while incorporating foundations of theorist teachings. A child-theorist’s research can provide an understanding of how and why children behave, as well as how they process information. Erik Erickson’s 8 Stages of Deve lopment provided a timeline for stages people’sRead MoreFreud, Erikson, And Piaget : Theories Of Developmental Psychology Essay2372 Words   |  10 PagesFreud, Erikson, and Piaget: Theories in Developmental Psychology Many factors influence children’s development as well as that massive amount of development theories that elaborate on why children do certain things, why children have developmental disorders, or even why some children have developmental delays. Although there are many theories regarding children development and how they are influences, theorist make some great points in the child development but with any theory come flaws such asRead MoreHistorical Perspectives of Abnormal Psychology1320 Words   |  6 Pagesused such things as observation and logic to study human behavior, both of which can be influenced by the individual philosopher’s perspective. Dualism brought to the forefront the physiology of the human brain, another contributing factor to the development of psychology as a science. Physiologists research conducted on the human brain brought scientific methodologies to the science of human behavior. Wundt, a German physiologist, used scientific methods to gaug e reaction times; in this study WundtRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Development Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesMany theories have been written on the subject of human development. Each theory has been further postulated and dissected to include: social, emotional, mental, and biological development. Many theoretical approaches and frameworks have been formulated to offer possible explanations for human behavior. It is paramount for social workers to have a working knowledge of these various theoretical approaches in order to identify and assess their client’s needs effectively. Theories provide basic hypothesesRead MoreEriksons Psychosocial Development Theory10839 Words   |  44 Pageserik eriksons psychosocial crisis life cycle model - the eight stages of human development Eriksons model of psychosocial development is a very significant, highly regarded and meaningful concept. Life is a serious of lessons and challenges which help us to grow. Eriksons wonderful theory helps to tell us why. The theory is helpful for child development, and adults too. For the lite version, heres a quick diagram and summary. Extra details follow the initial overview. For more informationRead MoreCognitive And Social Emotional Development Of John Bender Essay1165 Words   |  5 Pages Cognitive and Social-Emotional Development of John Bender According to Erik Erikson, he identifies the task of an adolescent as identity versus role confusion. This is where adolescent tries to form their personal and social identity. Some adolescents may adopt the values and beliefs of their parents; however, others may develop their identities from peers and oppose the values and beliefs of their parents. Adolescence who are emerging into adulthood struggles to confine withRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology : The Soul Of The Child : Observations On The Mental Development Of Man3445 Words   |  14 Pagespublished his book „The soul of the child: observations on the mental development of man in the first years of life† in 1982 and researches say it is the contractual date for the beginning of developmental psychology. Not long after Prayer publishes his innovative work, Stanley Hall, an American psychologist who was focused on childhood development and evolutionary theory in his research, initiated lectures on the development o f children. The preferred analytical method in this period was based onRead MoreAbnormal Psychology1154 Words   |  5 Pagescontrary, the biological approach was introduced in 460 B.C. by Hippocrates through an argument that four fluids in the body can account for mental disorder. These explanations acted as the basis for the emergence and development of abnormal psychology as a scientific discipline in attempts to understand abnormal behavior. The development of abnormal psychology into a scientific discipline has been characterized by some difficulties in describing and classifying normal and abnormal behavior. The difficultiesRead MoreAnalysis of Eriksons Theories on Development2367 Words   |  10 PagesKey Elements of Eriksons TheoryErik Erikson believed that we develop in psychosocial stages versus psychosexual stages that Freud developed (Santrock, 2008, p.23). The word psychosocial was Eriksons term that he derived from the words psychological meaning mind and social meaning relationship (Chapman, 2007). Erikson was concerned with how personality and behavior is influenced after birth. Erikson stood strong on his belief concerning nurture and experience. The key element within Eriksons

Friday, December 13, 2019

It was not the children that were stolen, but their soul Free Essays

Jane Harrison’s novel Stolen shows how children’s souls are stolen and the tragic effects of it. The main five characters, representing Stolen Generations which refers to the children being taken away from their Aboriginal family, had different life experiences. It is their experiences reflect their stolen souls, including loss of culture, misunderstanding of personal identity and destroyed emotional and spiritual world. We will write a custom essay sample on It was not the children that were stolen, but their soul or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is no doubt that being taken away from family and parents leading to a nonsense of their culture. Understanding of a specific culture is gained by immersion in it. Without growing up with and learning the culture, people can’t find connection between themselves and where they should belong to. Showed in Stolen, Sandy, the oldest child when was taken, had a better knowledge to the Aboriginal culture. The story of â€Å"Mungee† and the fact that â€Å"women put sand in themselves to stop raping† indicates Sandy’s understanding. However, the other four characters always wondering â€Å"where am I belonged to†, they got lost because they had no idea about the environment and background of where they should be grown up with. Being stolen from their parents results in the lack of belonging due to stolen history. It is the children’s personal identities that being stolen as a result of taken away from parents. Without love and care from family but a burden of hard work. The children in home centre were unprotected and tired. Ruby, â€Å"an used and abandoned girl†, ended up in a mental hospital murmuring â€Å"I got a lot to do† and â€Å"I need no home†. She couldn’t recognize her parents and sister any more, even didn’t know who she was and where she came from. On the other hand, Anne seems to live happier. Being adopted by a friendly white couple, Anne enjoyed a better material treatment than others. Although she knew that â€Å"we chose you†, she tried to tanned herself, seeing herself as a white girl. â€Å"You mother is an Aboriginal†, Anne was confused about who she was and where she belonged to. Struggling between the two families – the white one or the aboriginal one, Anne still het hurt. Being stolen as a young little girl, Anne not only lost the chance to stay with her family, but also experienced a lack of self-understanding. Undoubtedly, the children’s emotional and spiritual world was ruined because of the stolen. They suffered a lot, like working as a slave, unspoken abuse, and concealment of truth. Jimmy, who almost forget his name was Willy, cried for his mother everyday when he was in the children centre. â€Å"You mother is not coming for you. She’s dead. †, told the despicable woman who â€Å"took great care† of the children. Sandy was indeed heart broken and eventually committed suicide after knowing the death of his beloved mother. Furthermore, Shirley suffered twenty-seven-year long separation. â€Å"I hold her in my arm once, and not have a second chance for over twenty years. Never give up looking for her children, Shirley was the most lucky one. â€Å"She now have a mother and a grandmother, that’s all that matter. † When the nurse asked Shirley to give the baby, Shirley cried and felt herself awkward, that’s all due to the terrible experience she had, and the whole Stolen Generations as well. From all discussed above, we can see that Jane Harrison shows how children’s souls were stolen in many layers, including the lack in their own culture and personal identity, as well as the badly hurt emotion and spirit. How to cite It was not the children that were stolen, but their soul, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Australian Aboriginal People-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Australian Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander People. Answer: Australian Aboriginal are the indigenous people of Australian Mainland and are legally considered as the Australian inhabitants. Whereas, Torres Strait Islander People are considered as the indigenous people of the Queensland, Australia. These Torres Strait Islander People are genetically and culturally Melanesian people (Fredericks 2013). Before the colonization by the British the Australian Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander People used to live a hunter/gatherer life style and had good quality of health. However, this Australian Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander People experience the largest incidence of health issues and shorter life expectancies compared to the non-indigenous Australians (Aiatsis.gov.au, 2017). Since the year 2006 the Australias indigenous and the non-indigenous health entities along with the NGOs and the Australian Government worked together to better the situation. This combined effort or the campaign is termed as Close the Gap (Donato and Segal 2013). The main aim of the essay is to assess the Closing the Gap Prime Ministers Report, 2017 and does it address the environmental, social, and cultural determinates of health that affects the indigenous Australians. Next the section of the report that will be put to an elaborate discussion is the Chapter 6 which deals with the healthy lives of the indigenous Australians. Within the Social determinants of health, the following things will be discussed: early life, social gradient, work, social exclusion, social support, unemployment, food, transport and addiction. In the cultural determinants of health, the following will be discussed: life experience, upbringing, group history, sexual orientation, education, age, socio economic class, gender, spiritual belief, religion, ethnicity and language. While in the environmental determinants of health, the following will be discussed: housing conditions, air quality, water quality, land and soil quality, food contamination and safety, waste dispo sal, hazardous substances, noise/ electromagnetic fields, occupational risks, agricultural methods, climate and ecosystem change and behaviors related to environment. According to Closingthegap.pmc.gov.au (2017), the report speaks that the considering the life expectancy of the indigenous Australians, the close the gap is not on track. The life expectancy of the indigenous Australians according to the year 2010-12 shows that at the time of birth, the life expectancy of the males is 69 years (the non-indigenous Australasians have life expectancy of 79 years). However, the life expectancy of the Indigenous female Australians is 73 years (the non-indigenous Australians have life expectancy of 83 years). This estimates are actually for the newborns and don not reflect the life expectancy of the people of any other group. The report stresses on the need to increase the life expectancy of the males and females by 21 and 16 years respectively (Aspin et al. 2012). The determinants of health that contribute to the reduced life expectancy are the social determinants of health which includes education, upbringing, sexual orientation, gender and also the ethn icity. The environmental determinants that contribute to the reduced life expectancy are the air quality and water quality. Whereas, the social determinants that contribute to the reduction in life expectancy are the stress, addiction towards smoking, tobacco and drugs, food, unemployment and work (Pmc.gov.au 2017). The second major concern is the incidence of cancer, due to which the mortality rates have increased and thus the gap between the non-indigenous and the indigenous people are increasing. It has been found that the chronic diseases like the cancer, circulatory, respiratory disease and diabetes are the major contributors of 70 percent deaths of indigenous people. Between the tear 1998 to 2015 the deaths due to cancer has increased by 21%. However, the percentage has declined for the non-indigenous people and is around 13%. The increased incidence of cancer also has a positive impact on the life expectancy of Aboriginal and Torres islander people. Cancer Australia launched a framework called National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cancer Framework works for the improvement of the cancer outcomes (Condon et al. 2014). The Cancer Australia undertakes initiatives like it supported the Aboriginal Health Council of South Australia to create resources that will help the Indigenous Aust ralasians that have the lung cancer. However, it also organizes community workshops that helps to spread the awareness and in the early detection of gynecological cancer, breast and lung cancer. The determinants of health that contribute to the increased incidence of cancer include all the three social, environmental and cultural determinants. Thus, the social determinants include the addiction towards drugs, alcohol, tobacco and smoking and poor diet. Whereas, the cultural determinants include the age, gender and geographic origin or residence. Whereas the environmental determinants include the sunlight, pollution, radiation and occupational exposure (Aihw.gov.au 2017). The another health issue that affects the majority of the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people is diabetes and especially type 2 diabetes. However, the incidence of the type 1 diabetes is more common among the teenagers and kids. The Closing the Gap Prime Ministers Report, 2017 says that one of the main reason of 70 percent increased indigenous death is due to the chronic disease like diabetes. The National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) is an effective initiative by the Australian Government which is managed by the Diabetes Australia. The determinants of health that affect that contribute to the health effects of the Australian Aboriginals and the Torres islander people are the social and the cultural determinants. The cultural determinants include the age, gender, ethnicity. Whereas the social determinants include the poor food habits, stress and work (Diabetesaustralia.com.au, 2017). Studies showed that risk factors like alcohol, obesity and smoking altogether increased the gap of health risks. Although reports suggested that there has been an 9% reduction in the rates of smoking among the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people. However, despite of all the improvements the smoking tendencies among the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people were 2.7 times higher than the non-indigenous Australians. The Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people that lived in the remote places showed the higher tendencies compared to the ones that live in the non-remote places (Gould et al. 2012). Thus this situation demanded an active intervention from the Australian government and the National Tobacco Strategy 2012-18 provides a framework for the reduction of tobacco related problems in Australia. This framework emphasizes on the effective control of tobacco and monitoring the progress. The incidence of smoking is high among the individuals ages 15 an d belong from the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islands. Tackling Indigenous Smoking is a program that monitors the tobacco control practices. This program also targets the smoking behaviors among the teenagers of the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people and also among the pregnant women residing in the remote places. The program also grants funds for the cessation and prevention, along with evaluation and research (Tobaccoinaustralia.org.au, 2017). The prevalence of smoking among the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people can be contributed to the some of the determinants that promote the smoking tendencies. Like the geographical location, age and gender. Therefore, from the above disclosure, it can be concluded that the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people are the most affected indigenous Australians in comparison to the non-indigenous Australians. The increased incidence of the several diseases caught the attention of the Australian government that started the Close the Gap campaign in order to reduce the gap of health conditions in comparison with the non-indigenous Australians. According to the Closing the Gap Prime Ministers Report, 2017, life expectancy, cancer, diabetes and smoking are the bigger areas of concern which needs effective plans and policies so that the health conditions of the Australian Aboriginals and Torres islander people can be improved. References Aiatsis.gov.au (2017).Indigenous Australians: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. [online] Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. Available at: https://aiatsis.gov.au/explore/articles/indigenous-australians-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-people [Accessed 14 Dec. 2017]. Aihw.gov.au (2017). [online] Aihw.gov.au. Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/aa938fd4-21e8-4854-9207 c70306e4f2b3/13732.pdf.aspx?inline=true [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Aspin, C., Brown, N., Jowsey, T., Yen, L. and Leeder, S., 2012. Strategic approaches to enhanced health service delivery for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with chronic illness: a qualitative study. BMC health services research, 12(1), p.143. Closingthegap.pmc.gov.au (2017). Home | Closing the Gap. [online] Closingthegap.pmc.gov.au. Available at: https://closingthegap.pmc.gov.au/ [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Condon, J.R., Zhang, X., Baade, P., Griffiths, K., Cunningham, J., Roder, D.M., Coory, M., Jelfs, P.L. and Threlfall, T., 2014. Cancer survival for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians: a national study of survival rates and excess mortality. Population Health Metrics, 12(1), p.1. Diabetesaustralia.com.au (2017). Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander people. [online] Diabetesaustralia.com.au. Available at: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islanders [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Donato, R. and Segal, L., 2013. Does Australia have the appropriate health reform agenda to close the gap in Indigenous health?. Australian Health Review, 37(2), pp.232-238. Fredericks, B., 2013. 'We don't leave our identities at the city limits': Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in urban localities. Australian Aboriginal Studies, (1), p.4. Gould, G.S., Munn, J., Watters, T., McEwen, A. and Clough, A.R., 2012. Knowledge and views about maternal tobacco smoking and barriers for cessation in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders: a systematic review and meta-ethnography. Nicotine Tobacco Research, 15(5), pp.863-874. Pmc.gov.au (2017). 2017 HPF Report - 1.19 Life expectancy at birth. [online] Pmc.gov.au. Available at: https://www.pmc.gov.au/sites/default/files/publications/indigenous/hpf-2017/tier1/119.html [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Tobaccoinaustralia.org.au (2017). 1.9 Prevalence of tobacco use among Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islanders - Tobacco In Australia. [online] Tobaccoinaustralia.org.au. Available at: https://www.tobaccoinaustralia.org.au/chapter-1-prevalence/1-9-prevalence-of-tobacco-use-among-aboriginal-peo [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017].